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Stable or Unstable...That is the question!
- The Eastern Question wasn't a specific question, but dealt with issues in Asia and Europe.
- Eastern Question first brought about after Russo-Turkish War in 1774 and ended after World War I.
- Decline of Ottoman Empire was the real start of the Eastern Question.
- During early 19th century, Russia became the most involved with the Eastern Question (concerned with port city of Constantinople).
- Austria opposed Russia.
- Napoleon Bonaparte became in charge of France in early 19th century and grabbed the attention of Europe.
- Napoleon invaded Russia in 1812 and was defeated by the Great Powers in 1815.
- His coming to power was known as the Napoleonic Era.
- Greeks declared independence from the Sultains in 1821, which was about the time the phrase "Eastern Question" was started to be used.
- Treaty of Constantinople gave Greece it's independence in 1832.
- Mehmet Ali was made ruler of the Ottoman Empire by the French.
(Mehmet Ali, who was put in charge of Ottoman Empire)
- France and Austria had revolutions in 1848 and they were known as the Revolutions of 1848, as the Eastern Question had not been brought up for about 10 years.
- Crimean War started in the 1850s which caused more unstability within the "East."
- Nicholas I, the emperor of Russia, invaded the Ottoman Empire, thus started the Crimean War
(Nicholas I of Russia)
- Austria did not side with Russia because they felt threatened by them, to the dismay of Nicholas I.
- Austria did support the United Kingdom and France and Russia complied to Austria's needs when they saw this.
- Alexander II, who succeeded Nicholas I, sought peace and so Treaty of Paris was proposed.
- Treaty of Paris was good until 1871, when the Franco-Prussian War was over, resulting in a French defeat and a German Empire was forming amond the German states.
- Herzegovinian Rebellion started in 1875 and was resolved with the Berlin Memorandum.
- Russia declared war in 1877 and was only opposed by the Ottoman Empire, leading to a Russian victory.
- Bosnian Crisis helped in the decline of the Ottoman Empire and was one of the last major events dealing with the Eastern Question.
Sources:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Eastern_Question
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