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Agricultural Revolution

Page history last edited by PBworks 17 years, 3 months ago

And I said, how bout a Revolution? (OAR)

-Began in Great Britain along with the Industrial Revolution

-Brought about by improved crop-growing methods, advanced in livestock breeding, and the invention of new farm equipment.

-The enclosure movement – Starting in the 1600s English farmers began to fence off (enclose) the common lands into individual plots

*Had 2 significant outcomes –

1. Large landowners added to their holdings, which forced small plot owners to either become tenant farmers or give up farming and move to the cities

2. Farmers could experiment with their new methods of farming without having to get consent of the other farmers

-Jethro Tull experimented and invented a seed drill, which made it possible to plant seeds in regular rows. He also invented a horse-drawn cultivator to do this work.

-Viscount Charles “Turnip” Townshend learned that alternating different kinds of crops would preserve soil fertility. This system is known as crop rotation.

-Iron plows replaced wooden ones

*Robert Ransome invented an iron plow in three parts so farmers could replace the broken parts rather than having to buy a whole new plow

-Robert Bakewell showed how livestock could be improved by breeding animals with desirable traits.

-The Napoleonic Wars made large-scale farming a necessity because Great Britain had to feed its own people. There was also an increased demand for agricultural products in growing cities.

-Improvements in agriculture decreased the demand for farm laborers. Many unemployed farm workers moved to the cities where they started a large labor force. This was one factor that led to the Industrial Revolution.